Test your knowledge: Python Booleans and Conditionals

Review

1. Which values does Python treat as falsy?

   The falsy set is the zeros (0 and 0.0), the empty string, the empty list, dict, and set, None, and False. Everything else is truthy, including "false", [0], and every other object you did not empty.
2. What does orders and len(orders) >= 3 do when orders is an empty list?

   and evaluates left to right and stops at the first falsy operand, so the empty list ends the question right there. The length is never read, which is what makes the pattern a guard rather than a crash.
3. How does Python read 7 <= hour < 12?

   Python chains comparisons natively, so 7 <= hour < 12 checks both bounds with hour evaluated once. In the C-shaped reading, the left comparison would produce a boolean that then got compared to 12, a very different and very wrong question.
4. In an if, elif, else ladder, how many rungs run per evaluation?

   The ladder stops at the first true condition, and everything below it is skipped, with else as the floor that catches what nothing else did. That is what makes a ladder a decision and not a sequence of ifs.
5. What does if my_list: do when the list is empty?

   An empty list is falsy, so the branch is skipped. It is the idiomatic way to ask is there anything in here, and it works the same for strings, dictionaries, and sets.
6. What value (and type) does 0 and 99 produce?

   and evaluates from left to right and returns the first falsy operand. Here that is the integer 0, so 99 is never evaluated; the result is an int, not the Boolean False.